{"id":6411,"date":"2023-01-30T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-01-30T12:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rusynsociety.com\/?p=6411"},"modified":"2024-03-15T18:10:54","modified_gmt":"2024-03-15T23:10:54","slug":"victimhood-complex","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rusynsociety.com\/rul\/2023\/01\/30\/victimhood-complex\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u044b \u2014 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0456\u043d\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0491\u043da\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0432"},"content":{"rendered":"

U psychologiji je ponjatja syndroma \u017eertv\u0177 \u2013 jse stan, pry jakomu \u010dyljadnyk rachuje sebe \u017eertvov negatyvn\u0177ch dij druh\u0177ch ljudy vad' obstojan'. Oto sja projavljat' ne ly\u0161e u sprynjati svita, no i u povedinci. \u00ab\u017dertva\u00bb na von vynyt' pry\u010dyn\u0177 svoj\u0177ch bid, no udnu sja da\u017ee ne namirjuje minjaty sytuaciju, bo \u010duje sja v nju\u0304v komfortno. Isja psychologi\u010dna model' skoro zachodyt' u pryv\u0177\u010dku i staje nab\u0177tov rysov charaktera. T\u0177m ne men\u0161e, syndrom \u017eertv\u0177 mo\u017ee maty i kolektyvni projav\u0177 v ob\u0161\u010destvi. U s'omu na\u010derkovy ponykajeme na n'oho iz social'noho boku. A objektom na\u0161oho interesa bude naselenja Pudkarpatja<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na\u010daty treba z toho, o\u017e u\u0161ytki kolektyvni mental'ni struktur\u0177 ne berut' sja na runomu mistovy, aj formuvut' sja u dovhomu procesi. Jak b\u0177 sja ko ne udnosyv do dny\u0161n'oji na\u0161oji sytuaciji, ona v\u0177pl\u0177vat' iz objektyvn\u0177ch faktoruv i pry\u010dynno-naslidkov\u0177ch lancuv. V\u0177bor polihat' u sprynjat'ovy. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pudkarpatja \u2013 geografi\u010dno determinovan\u0177j region. Na s'omu faktori bazuje sja joho status permanentnoji polity\u010dnoji i ekonomi\u010dnoji peryferiji, na\u010dynavu\u010dy iz Seredn'ovi\u010da i kun\u010davu\u010dy typyri\u0161n'\u0177m dn'om. Uslovnoje naselenja Pudkarpatja jestvuje u danomu social'nomu okoly\u0161\u010dy, jakoje zo svoho boku stratyfikovanoje, \u0161to zna\u010dyt', o\u017e tuj furt je dynami\u010dn\u0177j ijerarchi\u010dn\u0177j social'n\u0177j organizm. U n'omu, v\u0177chodja\u010dy iz v\u0177\u0161e kazanoho, za dovhi storo\u010da zakripyly sja istory\u010dni trend\u0177, kotri sut' \u017eerelamy mnoh\u0177ch dylem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Polo\u017eenja indyvida vad' hrup\u0177 ljudy u ob\u0161\u010destvi definuje social'na stratyfikacija \u2013 rozdilenja naselenja na sloji za ijerarchi\u010dn\u0177m \u0161orom. Sociolog Pitirim Sorokin v\u0177diljav try osnovni kryteriji social'noji stratyfikaciji: polity\u010dn\u0177j (dilenja vlad\u0177 i vplyvu), ekonomi\u010dn\u0177j (dilenja material'noho bohatstva) i profesijn\u0177j (dilenja na sfer\u0177 zanjatosty taj ich vnutri\u0161nja ijerarchija). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Typyr poprobujeme roznykaty konkretn\u0177j objekt \u2013 rusynuv Pudkarpatja. U s'omu konteksti ja jich definuju, hy social'no-kul'turnu grupu, bo ny\u010dym yn\u0161\u0177m ony \u0161\u010dy ne je. A chronologi\u010dno tuj treba udilyty dva period\u0177: stanov\u0177j (do 1918) i postanov\u0177j (po 1918). U per\u0161omu ob\u0161\u010destvo rozdileno na sloji i fakty\u010dno, i jurydy\u010dno, a u druhomu ly\u0161e fakty\u010dno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160\u010dy do 1918 roka b\u0177ly zakladeni osnov\u0177 social'noji stratyfikaciji u Pudkarpat'ovy. Rehion cili storo\u010da b\u0177v integral'nov \u010dast'ov Madjars'koho korolju\u0304vstva. Prakty\u010dno v\u0161ytki rusyn\u0177 polity\u010dno nachodyly sja u statusi puddan\u0177ch. Yn\u0161\u0177my slovamy, b\u0177ly na dency ijerarchiji. Jich ekonomi\u010dnoje polo\u017eenja v\u0177pl\u0177valo yz polity\u010dnoho, bo puddani, hy pravylo, ne b\u0177ly der\u017eyteljamy zemli (osnovnoho kapitala u stanovomu ob\u0161\u010destvi) vad' yn\u0161oho material'noho bohatstva. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kid' polity\u010dn\u0177j i ekonomi\u010dn\u0177j kryteriji social'noji stratyfikaciji sylno determinovani istory\u010dno, ta tryt'\u0177j, profesijn\u0177j, predstavljav sobov serjozn\u0177j kanal mobil'nosty. Jak ne \u010dudno, no jakraz u profesijnuv stratyfikaciji kr\u0177je sja pry\u010dyna ob\u0161\u010destvennoji stagnaciji rusynuv. Ony, hy grupa, tryval\u0177j period ne ly\u0161aly social'no majnyzovi sfer\u0177 \u010dynnosty (ru\u010dn\u0177j trud), i da\u017ee v t\u0177ch \u010dasto zanymaly pudlehli pozyciji. A indyvid\u0177, kotr\u0177m sja udavalo pudnjaty sja hori po profesijnuv rutli, \u010dasto perestavaly udnosyty sja do rusynuv. Samo po sobi vto ne je pudlo, no u perspektyvi hraje fatal'nu rol'. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Navydko mo\u017e sys' fenomen ukazaty na Barrovuj \u0161kali profesijnoho statusa. Ona uslovno v\u0177zna\u010duje, jak\u0177j uroven' intelekta (ud 0 do 100) je musajn\u0177j dlja toho, vb\u0177 robyty v konkretnuv profesiji:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Indeks intelekta<\/th>profesija<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
0 – 4,29<\/td>Sezonn\u0177j robo\u010d\u0177j, zbera\u010d smitja, hruz\u010dyk, remontnyk, prasly\u010dka (pra\u010dka)<\/td><\/tr>
5,41 – 6,93<\/td>\u0160ofer, borbil', \u010di\u017emar', stoljar'<\/td><\/tr>
7,05 – 10,83<\/td>Kuchar', agrarij, policejs'k\u0177j, po\u0161tar', hon\u010dar', \u0161yvk\u0177nja, strojytel'<\/td><\/tr>
10,86 – 16,28<\/td>Klerk, bibliotekar', u\u010dytel', medsestra, farmacevt, in\u017eyner, architektor, artyst, sja\u0161\u010dennyk<\/td><\/tr>
16,58 – 17,50<\/td>Administrator, dochtor, \u017eurnalist, optov\u0177j torhovec'<\/td><\/tr>
17,81 – 20,71<\/td>Profesor, muzykant, pysatel', inovator, velyk\u0177j biznesmen<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Iz \u0161kal\u0177 v\u0177pl\u0177vat' zakonomirnust': \u010dym bul\u0161e ru\u010dnoji (manual'noji) robot\u0177 u profesiji, t\u0177m men\u0161e sja v nju\u0304v chosnuje intelekt i naoborot. Sam fakt, o\u017e dominuvu\u010da \u010dast' rusynuv u Pudkarpat'ovy pozad svoho profesijnoho polo\u017eenja nachodyla sja u hranycjach minimal'noho intelektual'noho indeksa ne odnu generaciju, mnoho pro \u0161to hovoryt'. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ne varta zab\u0177vaty, o\u017e indeks intelekta naprjamu z\u2018jazan\u0177j iz urovn'om social'noji organizaciji i kontrolja. Utrata jakovys' grupov sych artybutuv vede d roz\u2018jednanosty, pasyvnosty, izol'ovanosty. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ajno, u stanovomu ob\u0161\u010destvi Madjars'koho korolju\u0304vstva fungovaly mnohi selektyvni mechanizm\u0177, kotri blokovaly perechod me\u017ey social'n\u0177my slojamy. No fakt obstaje sja faktom \u2013 cila social'no-kul'turna grupa (rusyn\u0177) masovo prosila na dno ob\u0161\u010destvennoji piramid\u0177. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Napryklad, \u017eyd, kotr\u0177j u 19. Storo\u010dovy pryj\u0161ov u pudkarpats'koje selo yz-za hatara, mav ny\u010dym ne lip\u0161\u0177j polity\u010dn\u0177j vad' ekonomi\u010dn\u0177j status, hy rusyn. Pudnymav sja po social'nuv vertykali djakuvu\u010dy v\u0177sokomu indeksovy intelekta, vad' kvalifikaciji. A v\u017ee profesijna pozycija mu davala lip\u0161\u0177j dochodok taj presty\u017e. Zato \u017eyd\u0177 zbaly na \u0161kolovanja svoj\u0177ch dity. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rusyn\u0177 \u010dasto obstavaly sja yzzadu ne zato, o\u017e kos' jich obbihnuv, aj zato, o\u017e sami stojaly na misti. Koly pryj\u0161la epocha prosvitnyctva \u2013 ch\u0177bila intelihencija<\/a>, koly pryj\u0161la epocha emansypaciji \u2013 ch\u0177bila bur\u017euazija (pudpryjemci), koly pryj\u0161la globalizacija \u2013 ch\u0177bila elita.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sjak rusyn\u0177 u na\u010dali 20. storo\u010da pryj\u0161ly do tja\u017ekoho social'noho taj intelektual'noho upadku. Jednov rukov vynyly panuv-uhnitytelju\u0304v, a druhov znjaly z sebe u\u0161ytku udpovidal'nust' za svoju budu\u0161\u010dnust' taj pereklaly ji na nych \u017ee. Zavto, koly na papir'ovy zamist' stanovoho ob\u0161\u010destva pryj\u0161lo hromadjans'koje, sytuacija sja kardynal'no ne pominjala. Rusyn\u0177 vidily taj vydjat' vynuvatcju\u0304v i spasytelju\u0304v u vsich krome sebe. Cy ne prypomynat' ise znak\u0177 syndroma \u017eertv\u0177? Meni ajno. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kid' udalo sja provesty jsju paralel' me\u017ey psychologi\u010dn\u0177my taj social'n\u0177my symptomamy, provedim i\u0161\u010dy paralel' iz li\u010din'om. Iz boku psychologiji v\u0177chod iz pozyciji \u017eertv\u0177 polihat' u tomu, vb\u0177 sja nabraty uvirenosty (pov\u0177syty samoocinku) i vzjaty na sja udpovidal'nust', a ne hljadaty vynn\u0177ch u svomu polo\u017een'ovy. Kardynal'no udvere\u010dy \u017ealust' do sebe i na\u010daty zadavaty zvidanja, kotri vedut' do refleksiji i konkretn\u0177ch krokuv. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vpozyruje, o\u017e realizovaty sjaku terapiju v social'nuv plo\u0161\u010dyni bude du\u017ee tja\u017eko. No kid' cho\u010deme kolys' \u017eyty lip\u0161e, hy typyr, pryjde sja zanjuryty jakraz u sam\u0177ch sebe i prynjaty mnoho vol'ov\u0177ch zmin. Ly\u0161yty vi\u010dnoje \u017ealovanja, banovanja, negatyvizm. Naj sja obstanut' u na\u0161\u0177ch spuvankach, a ne ka\u017edodennomu \u017eyvoti. Na\u010daty bul\u0161e i relevantno u\u010dyty sja, a koly sja udast' social'no pudnjaty \u2013 ne zab\u0177ty obstaty sja sobov. I nakonyc' dohadaty sja pro ob\u0161\u010doje blaho i vto, o\u017e nam ne maje b\u0177ty jedno. Ko sja starat' \u2013 pudder\u017eaty, ko v nu\u017edi \u2013 pomo\u010dy, ko \u0161kodyt' \u2013 zoperty. Tak iz \u017eertv\u0177 hoden staty vol'ov\u0177j \u010dyljadnyk i vol'ovoje ob\u0161\u010destvo.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Myter Erdeli rozkazuje za naslidk\u0177\u00a0social'noji stratyfikaciji pro rusynuv.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":30,"featured_media":6417,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"nf_dc_page":"","iawp_total_views":10,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[299,597,530,596,598],"class_list":["post-6411","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion","tag-299","tag-597","tag-530","tag-596","tag-598"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u044b \u2014 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0456\u043d\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0491\u043da\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0432 - The Society for Rusyn Evolution<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0415\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0456 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